Document Type

Article

Journal Title

Emerging Infectious Diseases

Publication Date

2025

Volume

31

Abstract

A previous study demonstrated noninferior efficacy of 4-month rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen for tuberculosis (TB) treatment compared with the standard regimen. We explored results among study participants with diabetes. Among 2,516 randomized participants, 181 (7.2%) had diabetes. Of 166 participants with diabetes in the microbiologically eligible analysis group, 26.3% (15/57) had unfavorable outcomes in the control regimen, 13.8% (8/58) in the rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen, and 29.4% (15/51) in the rifapentine regimen. The difference in proportion of unfavorable outcomes between the control and rifapentine/moxifloxacin arms in the microbiologically eligible analysis group was -12.5% (95% CI -27.0% to 1.9%); the difference between the control and rifapentine arms was 3.1% (95% CI -13.8% to 20.0%). Safety outcomes were similar in the rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen and control arms. Among participants with TB and diabetes, the rifapentine/moxifloxacin arm had fewest unfavorable outcomes and was safe. Our findings indicate that the rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen can be used in persons with TB and diabetes.

MeSH Headings

Humans, Rifampin, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Tuberculosis, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Antitubercular Agents, Drug Therapy, Combination, Aged

ISSN

1080-6059

Rights

Public Domain

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